Potential Nociceptive Role of the Thoracolumbar Fascia: A Scope Review Involving In Vivo and Ex Vivo Studies.

Nociceptive innervation of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) has been investigated over the past few decades; however, these studies have not been compiled or collectively appraised. The purpose of this scoping review was to assess current knowledge regarding nociceptive innervation of the TLF to better inform future mechanistic and clinical TLF research targeting lower back pain (LBP) treatment. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched in January 2021 using relevant descriptors encompassing fascia and pain. Eligible studies satisfied the following: (a) published in English; (b) preclinical and clinical (in vivo and ex vivo) studies; (c) original data; (d) included quantification of at least one TLF nociceptive component. Two-phase screening procedures were conducted by a pair of independent reviewers, after which data were extracted and summarized from eligible studies. The search resulted in 257 articles of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. Studies showed histological evidence of nociceptive nerve fibers terminating in lower back fascia, suggesting a TLF contribution to LBP. Noxious chemical injection or electrical stimulation into fascia resulted in longer pain duration and higher pain intensities than injections into subcutaneous tissue or muscle. Pre-clinical and clinical research provides histological and functional evidence of nociceptive innervation of TLF. Additional knowledge of fascial neurological components could impact LBP treatment.

Tempo ideal de vibração sonorizada de língua em crianças disfônicas / Ideal time of sonorous tongue vibration of dysphonic children / Tiempo ideal de la vibración sonora del lengua en niños disfónicas

Objetivo: verificar o tempo ideal do exercício de vibração sonorizada de língua (EVSL) na voz de crianças disfônicas. Método: participaram vinte e sete crianças, entre 04 e 11 anos, com diagnóstico de nódulo ou cisto de pregas vocais. Dessas crianças, onze fizeram parte do grupo experimental (GE) e 16 do grupo controle (GC). A vogal sustentada /ε/ e a contagem de 1 a 10 foram registradas antes (m0) e após o primeiro (m1), terceiro (m3), quinto (m5) e o sétimo (m7) minuto de execução do EVSL. As gravações foram apresentadas a três fonoaudiólogas, que julgaram se houve modificação da qualidade vocal. Os parâmetros acústicos avaliados na vogal sustentada foram frequência fundamental, jitter, shimmer, glotal to noise excitation (GNE) e ruído. Resultados: na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva, não houve modificações significativas entre os momentos de execução do EVSL. Na análise acústica, observou-se que o parâmetro ruído diminuiu e o parâmetro GNE aumentou após três minutos de realização do exercício no GE, em comparação com o GC. Conclusão: não houve melhora em nenhum dos tempos na avaliação perceptivoauditiva da voz de crianças disfônicas com o EVSL. A análise acústica indicou melhora da qualidade vocal aos três minutos de execução do exercício.

Purpose: verify the ideal time of the sonorous tongue vibration exercise (STVE) in the voice of dysphonic children. Method: participated twenty-seven children, from four to 11 years, diagnosed with nodules or cysts of vocal folds. Eleven children were part of the experimental group (GE) and 16 were part of the control group (GC). A sustained vowel /ε/ and count one to 10 were recorded before (m0) and after the first (m1), third (m3), fifth (m5) and the seventh (m7) minute of execution of the STVE. The recordings have been presented to three speech therapists that judged whether there was change in voice quality. The acoustic parameters evaluated in sustained vowel were fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, glottal to noise excitation (GNE) and noise. Results: there were no significant changes in the auditory perception evaluation between the moments of STVE execution. In the acoustic analysis, it was observed that the noise parameter decreased and the GNE parameter increased after three minutes of performing the exercise in GE, compared to the GC. Conclusion: there was no improvement in any of the times in the auditory perceptual analysis in the voice of dysphonic children with the STVE. The acoustic analysis indicated improvement in vocal quality in the third minute of exercise performance.

Objetivo: comprobar el momento ideal del ejercicio de vibración sonora del lengua (EVSL) en la voz de niños disfónicas. Método: participado veinte y siete niños, de 04 a 11 años, con diagnóstico de nódulos o quistes de los pliegues vocales. De estos niños, once eran parte del grupo experimental (GE) y 16 parte del grupo de control (GE). El sostenido vocal /ε/ y el recuento de 1 a 10 se registraron antes (m0) y después de la primero (m1), tercero (m3), quinto (m5) y séptimo (m7) minuto del ejecución de EVSL. Las grabaciones se presentaron a tres logopedas, que juzgaron si había modificación de la calidad vocal. Los parámetros acústicos evaluado en vocal sostenida fueron frecuencia fundamental, jitter, shimmer, glotal to noise excitation (GNE) y ruido. Resultado: en la evaluación perceptual, no hubo modificaciones significativos entre los momentos de ejecución de EVSL. En el análisis acústico, se observó que el parámetro de ruido disminuye y parámetro GNE aumentó después de tres minutos de ejecución del ejercicio en GE, en comparación con el GC. Conclusión: no hubo mejoría en cualquier de las tiempos en la evaluación perceptual de la voz de los niños disfónicas con EVSL. El análisis acústico indica mejoría en la calidad de la voz después de tres minutos de ejecución del ejercicio.

Pinos anatômicos: descrição da técnica e controle radiográfico após seis anos / Anatomic pins: description of the technique and radiographic control after six years

O presente artigo relata a descrição da técnica e o controle de um caso de reabilitação de dentes anteriores com raízes fragilizadas por meio da técnica do pino anatômico, que consiste na combinação de um pino principal de fibra de vidro, com pinos de fibra de vidro acessórios e preenchimento intrarradicular com resina autopolimerizável, finalizando com cerâmicas puras. Após seis anos de acompanhamento, clínico e radiográfico, observou-se que os pinos anatômicos apresentavam-se estáveis, atingindo os objetivos de dar maior resistência à compressão e à tração, ser biocompatível com o dente e o material restaurador, bem como ofereceu melhor estética e menor tempo de confecção, de custo acessível, além de permitir um melhor preenchimento do canal, com fina espessura de cimento

The present article reports a description of technique and the control of a rehabilitation case of anterior teeth with weakened roots by anatomic pins technique, consisting in a combination of a glass fiber main pin, glass fiber accessory pins, and intraradicular filled with self-polymerizable composite resin, ending with pure ceramics. After six years of clinical and radiographic follow-up, was observed that the anatomic pins remained stable, reaching the goals of providing greater resistance to compression and tensile strength, being biocompatible with the tooth and restorative material, as well as provided aesthetics improvement and reduced manufacturing time, being affordable, besides allowing a better filling of the canal, with fine cement